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July-September 2017
Volume 2 | Issue 3
Page Nos. 91-124
Online since Thursday, August 31, 2017
Accessed 72,441 times.
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
How well do lower femoral neck shaft angled stems match patients with coxa vara hip deformities?
p. 91
Omar Alnachoukati, Roger Emerson, Kwame Ennin, Alex Vidal
DOI
:10.4103/2542-4157.213686
Background and objectives:
Patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) may have femoral deformities classified as either coxa vara, coxa valga, or physiologic. Understanding patients' anatomies is of importance for surgeons in an effort to tailor not only surgical approach, but also implant selection, and ultimately ensure optimal outcomes. The goal of the present study is to determine the efficacy of implanting a lower neck shaft angle (NSA) femoral stem in patients with coxa vara deformities and determine short-term clinical outcomes.
Design:
A retrospective chart review study.
Methods:
The study took place at The Texas Center for Joint Replacement in Plano, Texas. Two patient groups, clinical outcomes group and EOS group, were used for this study. The clinical outcomes group contained 55 patients who had undergone primary THA surgery from June 2013 to June 2015 by the senior author. The EOS group contained 36 patients who had undergone primary THA, and completed both preoperative and postoperative biplanar X-rays (low dose imaging device EOS) to obtain three-dimensional reconstructions of the skeletal system from October 2015 to November 2016. Operations were performed in all hips through the anterior supine intermuscular approach utilizing a 123° NSA femoral stem, which was lower than the NSA (133°) found in standard femoral stem implants.
Outcome measures:
Pre- and postoperative Harris hip scores used to assess clinical outcomes following surgery. Pre- and postoperative femoral offset, NSA, and femur length determined by EOS.
Results:
In the EOS group, mean femoral offset decreased by 3.5 mm, from 41.08 mm preoperatively to 37.6 mm postoperatively. Mean femoral NSAs decreased by 0.02°, from 123.02° preoperatively to 123.00° postoperatively. Mean femur length decreased by 2.4mm, from 404.2 mm preoperatively to 401.8 mm postoperatively. In the clinical outcomes group, mean Harris hip scores rose from 47 preoperatively to 93 postoperatively. Hip flexion range of motion improved from 87.5° preoperatively to 98° postoperatively.
Conclusion:
The lower NSA femoral stem examined in this study was proven to accurately restore NSA by 0.03°, femoral offset by 3.47 mm, and femur length by 2 mm, all within clinically documented satisfactory ranges without no revisions, suggesting excellent clinical outcomes in patients with coxa vara hip deformities. THA surgeons may consider utilizing femoral stems with a lower NSA in an effort to adequately restore hip function in patients with coxa vara hip deformities.
Trial registration:
This is a retrospective chart review study, therefore registration was not required.
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Efficacy and safety of cemented and cementless prostheses in the repair of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly: study protocol for a non-randomized controlled trial
p. 97
Tie-miao Yu, Hui-ling Miao
DOI
:10.4103/2542-4157.213689
Background and Objectives:
Patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures are older, and body function gradually degrades with age. The reduction and fixation of these fractures are difficult. Total hip arthroplasty is one of the main surgical treatments for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. This trial was designed to identify the differences between cemented and cementless prostheses in the repair of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly so as to provide a clinical basis for the selection of hip prostheses for treating unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.
Design:
A prospective, single-center, non-randomized, controlled, clinical trial.
Methods:
Eighty-six elderly (> 65 years old) patients at the Harrison International Peace Hospital of China with unstable intertrochanteric fractures underwent total hip arthroplasty. Forty-four patients in the control group received a cemented SPII prosthesis (Link, Hamburg, Germany). Forty-two patients in the trial group received a cementless Wagner prosthesis (Zimmer, Spartanburg, SC, USA). All patients were followed for 6 months.
Outcome measures:
The primary outcome was an excellent or good Harris hip score at 6 months postoperatively to evaluate the recovery of hip function. The secondary outcomes were the changes in Harris hip scores or morphological changes in the hip on X-ray preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, postoperative blood transfusion volume, ambulation time, amount of drainage at the incision 1 month after surgery, and the incidence of adverse reactions at 6 months after surgery.
Results:
Postoperative blood transfusion volume and the amount of drainage were higher in the trial group than in the control group (
P
< 0.05). The rate of excellent or good Harris hip scores was not significantly different between the trial and control groups (
P
> 0.05). Harris scores were lower in the trial group than in the control group at 1 and 3 months postoperatively (
P
< 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was not significantly different between the two groups at 6 months after surgery (
P
> 0.05), but bone cement poisoning was found in four patients in the control group.
Conclusion:
Efficacy and safety of cemented and cementless prostheses for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly were good. However, the cemented prosthesis was associated with a risk of bone cement poisoning.
Trial registration:
Clinical Trails.gov indentifier: NCT03193697.
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STUDY PROTOCOL
VTI InterFuse
®
S
vs
. InterFuse
®
T for the treatment of scoliosis and degenerative disc disease: protocol for a multicenter post-market study
p. 104
William F Lavelle, Richard Tallarico, Jeffrey C Felt
DOI
:10.4103/2542-4157.213687
Background and objectives:
VTI InterFuse
®
S and InterFuse
®
T are the interbody fusion devices used in spinal fusion procedures to relieve the pain of patients with scoliosis and degenerative disc disease through maintaining foraminal height and decompression. The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of the VTI InterFuse
®
S and InterFuse
®
T on scoliosis and degenerative disc disease.
Design:
A prospective, two-arm, multicenter, post-market trial.
Methods:
A total of 200 eligible patients (18-19 years old) with scoliosis and/or degenerative disc disease and a planned fusion of at least 5 levels were recruited from 10 clinical sites. The patients will be assigned to receive T interbody fusion treatment with the InterFuse
®
S or InterFuse
®
interbody fusion devices.
Outcome measures:
The following outcome measures will be observed during 24-month follow-up: interbody fusion assessed by CT scan (primary outcome measure), and Visual Analog Scale and Oswestry Disability Index, and the Scoliosis Research Society Outcomes Instrument scores (secondary outcome measures).
Discussion:
This study will provide direct evidence for the intelligent use of VTI InterFuse
®
S and InterFuse
®
T interbody fusion devices in the treatment of scoliosis and/or degenerative disc disease.
Ethics and dissemination:
The study will receive approval from the institutional review board at each site and will be conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the
Declaration of Helsinki
. Results will be presented at national and international meetings and submitted for publication to peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02659722 on January 15
th
, 2016.
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Safety and efficacy of a novel knee prosthesis for knee arthroplasty: study protocol for a randomized, positive parallel controlled, non-inferiority, clinical trial
p. 113
Zhi-feng Li, Jing-dong Sun, Jiang Zhang, Tai-fang Gong
DOI
:10.4103/2542-4157.213688
Background and objectives:
Total knee arthroplasty is the main treatment for end-stage knee disease. However, knee prostheses are mostly imported from overseas, making the price expensive. Furthermore, ethnic differences mean that these prostheses designed for Westerners are not designed to meet the needs of Orientals. According to the anatomical characteristics of the knee in Chinese subjects, Wuhan Yijiabao Biomaterial Co., Ltd. has developed a new knee prosthesis system. This system uses cobalt-chrome-molybdenum and high cross-linked polyethylene as the active friction interface, which has excellent wear resistance. This trial is designed to verify the efficacy and safety of this novel knee prosthesis in total knee arthroplasty in Chinese patients.
Design:
A prospective, single-center, randomized, positive parallel controlled, non-inferiority, clinical trial.
Methods:
Seventy-two patients at Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, China with knee disease who are scheduled to undergo knee arthroplasty will be equally randomized into the trial group or the control group using a randomized block design. The trial and control groups will undergo knee arthroplasty with knee prostheses purchased from Wuhan Yijiabao Biomaterial Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China (newly developed) and Beijing AKEC Medical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China (approved by the China Food and Drug Administration), respectively. All patients will be followed up for 12 months.
Outcome measures:
The primary outcome will be the recovery of knee function as assessed by the rate of excellent and good Hospital for Special Surgery knee scores at postoperative 12 months (± 15 days). The secondary outcomes will be: the morphology of the knee as revealed by anteroposterior and lateral radiographic views taken preoperatively, and at postoperative 2 weeks (± 5 days), 6 weeks (± 15 days), 3 months (± 15 days), 6 months (± 15 days), and 12 months (± 15 days); the incidence of adverse reactions at postoperative 2 weeks (± 5 days), 6 weeks (± 15 days), 3 months (± 15 days), 6 months (± 15 days), and 12 months (± 15 days); and the correlation between various types of adverse reactions and each knee prosthesis type.
Discussion:
This trial is designed to verify the efficacy and safety of knee prosthesis during total knee arthroplasty.
Ethics and dissemination:
The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Taihe Hospital of Shiyan of China, approval number 2016(34). Participant recruitment began in February 2017 and will be finished in September 2017. Data analysis will be completed in November 2018. Results will be presented at national and international meetings and submitted for publication to peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03184129.
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COMMENTARIES
Evaluation of surgical methods for treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome - statistical perspectives
p. 121
Ahmed Mohammed Morsy
DOI
:10.4103/2542-4157.213690
This commentary addresses strengths and weaknesses of the clinical trial study protocol designed by Liu et al., in particular with regard of the methodology, taking into consideration the commentary article "Assessing surgical methods for treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome - which is the best?" Our commentary emphasizes the importance of adjustment for known prognostic covariates, such as duration of symptoms and advanced age that have been negatively correlated with outcomes in previous studies. Subgroup analysis for the treatment groups of interest, namely moderate and severe cubital tunnel syndrome, which have previously shown conflicting differences in efficacy of surgical options is highly recommended. Intention-to-treat analysis is a preferable approach for the evaluation of primary outcome measures to lessen the bias. Use of well-validated composite outcome measure is strongly encouraged.
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Assessing surgical methods for treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome - which is the best?
p. 123
Karen E Burtt, Ido Badash, Brian Wu
DOI
:10.4103/2542-4157.213700
Cubital tunnel syndrome is a common and debilitating cause of upper extremity neuropathy. Several surgical options exist for treating this condition, including simple decompression, subcutaneous anterior transposition, and submuscular anterior translocation. The literature shows no clear differences in outcomes of these procedures. Consequently, the decision of which procedure to perform is often a matter of surgeon preference. Liu et al. has designed a blinded, randomized clinical trial to compare outcomes at 6 months postoperatively. This commentary addresses strengths and potential areas of improvement in the study protocol. With revision, the aforementioned study could provide clinical value in determining the ideal surgical option for cubital tunnel syndrome that maximizes reduction of symptoms while minimizing complications.
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